Doctor Healthy: Inhaled insulin Exubera may cause lung cancer

Exubera insulin US drugmakers Pfizer Inc and Nektar Therapeutics on Wednesday warned of cases of lung cancer in clinical trials of their inhaled insulin Exubera.

The findings led Nektar to announce it was abandoning its search for a new marketing partner for the troubled drug, effectively signaling Exubera’s demise after entering the market in January 2006.

Pfizer, the world’s largest pharmaceutical company, announced last October it stopped marketing Exubera, saying it did not meet customer needs or the financial expectations of the company.

The rise in lung cancer apparently linked to Exubera led Pfizer to update the medication’s warning label to include information “about lung cancer cases observed in patients who used Exubera,” the company reported in a statement.

It said that over the course of the clinical trial, six out of 4,740 Exubera-treated patients developed lung cancer, versus one of the 4,292 patients not treated with Exubera.

An additional case of lung cancer in an Exubera-treated patient was discovered after the drug’s debut on the market following its approval by the US Food and Drug Administration.

The updated label states that all patients who developed lung cancer had a prior history of cigarette smoking, and that there were “too few cases to determine whether the development of lung cancer is related to the use of Exubera.”

“Some patients continue to take Exubera, including those enrolled in extended transition programs or clinical trials,” Pfizer chief medical officer Joe Feczko said in the statement.

“We are working closely with patients and their physicians to ensure the continued orderly transition from Exubera to alternative therapies,” he added.

Nektar announced it was stopping all spending on the drug, including research and marketing.

“The concern over this new data analysis from ongoing clinical trials has resulted in the termination of all negotiations with potential partners,” said Nektar president Howard Robin on the company’s website.

Diabetes affects 230 million people worldwide, including 21 million in the United States, according to Pfizer. Exubera is a short-acting insulin breathed in through an inhaler that helps control high blood sugar in people with diabetes.

Pfizer warns Exubera patients about risk

Pfizer Inc. said Wednesday it is warning patients using its inhaled insulin product Exubera about the risk of lung cancer, leading Nektar Therapeutics to terminate its inhaled insulin programs.

Nektar had been Pfizer’s partner on Exubera from 1995 until Pfizer discontinued the drug in October 2007 after lackluster sales. Some patients continue to take the drug, however, including some enrolled in extended transition programs or clinical trials.

On Wednesday, Pfizer said it updated the U.S. product labeling for Exubera Inhalation Powder to include a warning about lung cancer cases observed in patients who used the inhaled insulin treatment.

Over the course of Exubera’s clinical trial program, 6 of the 4,740 patients treated with Exubera developed lung cancer, compared with 1 of the 4,292 patients not treated with the drug.

There was also a post-marketing report of lung cancer in one Exubera-treated patient.

The label notes that all patients who developed lung cancer had a prior history of cigarette smoking, and that there were too few cases to determine whether the cancer is related to use of Exubera.

Pfizer said the data was reviewed by the company and the Food and Drug Administration.

Nektar said it will stop all spending associated with its inhaled insulin programs and will not incur any additional charges related to the action.

“The concern over this new data analysis from ongoing clinical trials has resulted in the termination of all negotiations with potential partners,” said Howard W. Robin, president and chief executive of Nektar, in a statement. “Fortunately, over the past year Nektar has significantly transformed its business, moving away from inhaled insulin.”

Exubera

Generic Name: insulin inhalation
Brand Names: Exubera

What is Exubera?

Insulin inhalation (Exubera) was withdrawn from the U.S. market in 2007 due to lack of consumer demand for the product. No drug safety concerns were cited in this withdrawal.

Exubera is a rapid-acting form of human insulin that is inhaled through the mouth. It works by lowering levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

First aid

First aid is a complicated subject and it is situation-specific. First aid is the help and medical assistance that someone gives, not only to an injured person, but to a person who is sick. Preparedness is a key element of first aid, like having basic medical emergency kits in your home, car, boat, or RV. It is also advised to be prepared for illness while traveling locally or to a foreign country. Cuts, puncture wounds, sprains, strains, nosebleeds are one type of injury that may require first aid; heart attacks, strokes, seizures, and heat stroke are examples of more critical first aid emergencies.

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fter a diagnosis of cancer, patients and their families must make a number of decisions about cancer treatment, some of which are more difficult than others. These decisions are complicated by unfamiliar words, various statistics, and a sense of urgency. However, it is important to allow time to research your options and ask questions. Decisions about cancer treatment are personal, and it is important that you feel comfortable about your decisions.

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Inhaled insulin Exubera may cause lung cancer

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